Tool labors

To see a labor, simply click on the objective. Of course, this will only work if a student has completed a labor describing a tool to address the objective. This is easy to discern: objectives with tool reports have the laboring student's name listed.

Unit 1: Science as a way of learning

• Tonya Lacy: Make specific, detailed observations of an object of study.
• Ask questions about an observed process.
• Megan Meeks: Propose experiments to answer questions about the process.
• Test explanations by comparing them to observations.

Unit 2: Newton’s First and Second Laws

• Stephanie Halsey: Describe motion by words and graphs, and convert between the two.
• Given the velocity at one time for an object on which no forces act, find its velocity at any other time.
• Annie Levine: Given any two of the following properties of an object, find the third: acceleration, mass, net force.
• Joe Hampton: Explain how changing an object’s mass changes the force exerted on it by gravity.

Unit 3: Momentum and Energy

• Tessa Burt: Explain what work is, and define both potential and kinetic energy changes in terms of work.
• Callie Seip: Define the momentum of an object and of a set of objects, and explain how momentum changes over time if there is no external force.
• Adam Thornton: Explain how the force exerted by one object on a second is related to the force exerted by the second on the first.
• Explain how to determine the output force of a simple machine.

Unit 4: Fluids

• Given two of the following quantities, find the third: pressure, force, area.
• Mo Mulligan: Describe how pressure changes with depth under a fluid.
• Devan Jones: Explain the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid.
• Nicole Jones: Describe the change in volume of a gas in response to a change in pressure.

Unit 5: Heat and Temperature

• Katie McGuire: Differentiate heat and temperature.
• Brent Dorr: Identify the change in volume of a gas in response to a change in temperature.
• Liz Masie: Describe the mechanisms of heat transfer by conduction, convection, and radiation.
• Recognize and explain the tendency of matter and energy to spread out.

Unit 6: Electricity and Magnetism

• Rosalie Alexander: Identify the factors influencing the electric force between objects.
• Rachael Cox: Connect an electrical component to a battery so that current flows through it.
• Teesa Yacco: Predict the direction of the force between specified poles of two magnets.
• State the connection between electricity, magnetism, and motion.

Unit 7: Waves and Sound

• Amy Hartman: Identify the crest, trough, wavelength, and amplitude of any wave, and distinguish transverse and longitudinal wages.
• Given two of the following quantities of a wave, determine the third: period or frequency, wavelength, wave speed.
• Add a wave to its reflection to create a standing wave; identify the nodes and antinodes of a standing wave.

Unit 8: Light and Optics

• Nic Barkdull: Order the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including the visible region, by energy, frequency, and wavelength.
• Alyssa Gibbins: Explain why we see colors as combinations of three primary colors.
• Explain the dispersion of light by a prism.

Unit 9: Nuclei and Atoms

• Elizabeth Anderson: Classify atomic nuclei according to element and isotope number.
• Given a parent nucleus and decay mechanism, determine the daughter nucleus.
• Describe the principles and interactions responsible for atomic structure.

Unit 10: Physical Changes and Mixtures

• Jennifer McIntire: Distinguish between solutions, suspensions, and colloids.
• Lila Scantling: Explain the surface active behavior of detergents.
• Classify substances by their physical behavior.

Unit 11: Chemical Bonding

• Kim Moore: Assign an electron dot structure for a covalent molecule.
• Lara Chanthongthip: Predict the three-dimensional structure of a covalent molecule given its electron dot structure.

Unit 12: Reaction Heat and Equilibrium

• Mary Malnati: Identify one example of an endothermic process and one example of an exothermic process.
• Explain the transformations that must occur for an endothermic process to occur.
• Cody Craigie: Explain how any exothermic process increases the entropy of the universe.
• Explain the “dynamic equilibrium” of chemical reactions.

Unit 13A: Acids and Bases

• Describe how an acid or base affects the dissociation equilibrium of water.
• Troy Phillips: Identify two household acids and two household bases.
• Given the chemical equation of an acid/base reaction, identify the acid, the base, and the salt.

Unit 13B: Oxidation and Reduction

• Kayla Bullinger: Define and distinguish oxidation and reduction.
• Johanna Milne: Recall two examples of oxidation/reduction reactions.

Unit 15: Organic Compounds

• Identify the defining features of the following organic functional groups: alkane, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, amine, aldehyde, ketone, imine, carboxylic acid, ester, amide, halide.
• Cheryl Gipfert: Generate the three-dimensional structure from a bonding or stick figure formula of an organic compound.